Help sustain and improve this project by donating to the American Social History Project.

Home
About
Search
Teaching WBA?
Textbook

“'Contrabands' in Cumberland Landing, Virginia."

Union photographer James F. Gibson took this picture of a group of enslaved African Americans who fled to Union army lines in May 1862.

Source: James F. Gibson, May 14, 1862—Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress.

Who Built America? An Open Educational Resource has been made possible in part by a major grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities and funding from The Ford Foundation, Digital Scholar, and the City University of New York Central Office of Library Services. Any views, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this Open Educational Resource, do not necessarily represent those of the National Endowment for the Humanities.

Contact
Terms of Use and Permissions
Feedback
Login

© American Social History Project, Inc. 2026