At the Sand Creek Massacre

One survivor of Sand Creek was the remarkable Southern Tsitsistas (Southern Cheyenne) warrior and ledger book artist Ho-na-nist-to, (Howling Wolf), who was about fifteen years old when his encampment was attacked by Chivington’s troops. In this dramatic image made some ten years after Sand Creek, a group of Tsitsistas warriors charge their attackers in a hail of bullets. Ho-na-nist-to depicted himself as the last figure on the left, shooting into the ranks of the Colorado volunteer while his comrades turn and fire at an unseen enemy at their rear. This ledger artwork was probably acquired in the late 19th century by General John Pope while Howling Wolf was imprisoned. Pope's family gifted the work to Oberlin College in 1904.

Source: Howling Wolf (Southern Cheyenne), At the Sand Creek Massacre 1874-75. Oberlin College AMAM 1904.1180.5. Courtesy of the Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, Ohio; Gift of Mrs. Jacob D. Cox.